![]() ![]() The GEWEX cloud assessment (2005-2012, Stubenrauch et al. While ISCCP, the cloud data record of the GEWEX project, emphases diurnal sampling by using multi-spectral imager data from a combination of geostationary and Sun-synchroneous orbiting (SSO) weather satellites, more recent global cloud data records have been developed from various instruments onboard SSO satellites. Their success has been shown in many published analyses, also in combination with other observations. ISCCP cloud products were designed to characterize essential cloud properties and their variations on all key time scales to elucidate cloud dynamical processes and cloud radiative effects. The International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP Rossow and Schiffer 1991, 1999) adapted this cloud type classification by using cloud top pressure (CP) and optical depth (COD). Cloud morphology, stratiform or cumuliform, indicates formation in stable or turbulent air. The satellite observation era, beginning in the 1980’s and spanning now more than 30 years, allows to capture clouds and their properties over the entire globe and across a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.įigure 1 illustrates cloud types distinguished by cloud base height and morphology, as initially classified by surface observers. Historically, cloud reports have come from station or ship observations. They are important components of the cliimate's water and energy budgets. Clouds cover about 70% of the earth's surface. ![]()
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